409(1): Orbital Precession and Light Deflection in Terms of the Thomas Precession.

This note gives a number of new results summarized on page three. The precession of any object is explained by the Thomas half and related to the vacuum fluctuation and spin connection in Eq. (21). The spin connection is expressed in terms of the Thomas half in Eq. (22). The Thomas half in orbital precession theory is therefore explained by the isotropically averaged vacuum fluctuation, spin connection and vacuum force. None of these concepts appear in Newtonian universal gravitation. Light deflection due to gravitation is explained precisely from the definition of the ECE2 covariant relativistic velocity under the upper bound (36) on the square of the Newtonian velocity (UFT406). It is shown that this upper bound corresponds to the maximum attainable value of the Thomas half as in Eq. (42). Under this condition the relativistic velocity goes to c, and the deflection angle becomes (38), “twice Newton”. This treatment of…